The Architechture Of Chandigarh By Le Corbusier

The Making of Chandigarh | A Vision of Nehru | A Design of Le Corbusier | A Legacy of Punjab and Haryana!

Explore The Formation And Architecture of Chandigarh With Its Beautiful Site Seeing Places 

The history of Chandigarh city is 8000 years old. In the beginning, the world's first culture, the people of the Harappan culture, lived in this city. The town was very prosperous during the medieval period, and then the city was a part of the Punjab province. But after the country gained independence in 1947, West Punjab and East Punjab were created.

Partition of India

After the partition of India, there was no capital of the former Punjab because, at that time, the city of Lahore was under Pakistan. Chandigarh was built with complete planning to give Punjab the capital city. That's why everyone had planned to build Chandigarh City on the side of Shivalik Hill. The competent officials had taken the responsibility of making this city.

Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru's Participation 

The unique thing about this city is that India's first Prime Minister, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru himself, additionally gave particular attention to the building of Chandigarh. But many problems had to be faced while making this city. Finding the right place to build the city was significant, so a committee had also established to do this work.

While selecting the place, the environment, military vulnerability, water facility etc., were kept in mind, and accordingly, the site had chosen.

But after some time, the state of Haryana had also created, and both the states of Punjab and Haryana wanted a capital city. Due to the importance of the city and its proximity to both conditions, Chandigarh was declared the capital of Punjab and Haryana.

The city has named after the Chandi temple here. Hence the city is called Chandigarh.

Architecture of Chandigarh 

Following India's independence and partition of Punjab, the country's first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, made Chandigarh in place of Lahore, the capital of East Punjab. Everything was built new on a large piece of land. As a result, Chandigarh is also known as the city of stones. 

French architect Le Corbusier made the master plan of this city. Le Corbusier gave the original shape to the master plan of Chandigarh. He had said that this city would provide all the facilities of life to even the poorest of the poor citizens so that they could lead dignified life.

Based on Corbusier's plan, the initial population of the city during its first development phase had set to be at five lakhs. Following the second phase of urban development. Today, the current population of Chandigarh stands at approximately 12 lakhs. Furthermore, Corbusier's plans also included the construction of the capital complex in the north section of the administrative area—educational institutions formed in the western part of the city.

Chandigarh's first phase saw the creation of 30 sectors, each designed to accommodate 5,000 to 20,000 people. This provision ensured that the city could accommodate a large population while maintaining a high quality of life for its residents.

Houses evolved for labourers and manual workers in the city's southern parts. Thus, this new city, which existed in 1953, showed a direction following urban development under thoughtful planning.

Also Read: Government Initiatives for Agricultural Development of Haryana

Symbol of Chandigarh

The Open Hand Monument is a 26-meter-high metal sculpture located in the Capitol Complex of Chandigarh, India. It was designed by Le Corbusier and is considered to be a symbol of peace, unity, and prosperity. The monument is open to give and receive, representing the city's welcoming and inclusive spirit.

About Le Corbusier 

Le Corbusier lived in India between 1952-1959. During that time, he prepared the designs of Chandigarh and its buildings. It belonged to the modern era. Chandigarh is a beautiful gift by Le Corbusier. Today, if Chandigarh is famous for its beauty and greenery, all the credit goes to Le Corbusier. The charisma of his thinking prepared the map of the country's first city. Chandigarh is different from other cities. The most prominent feature is the greenery here. 

Other architechture by Le Corbusier

Along with this, On behalf of Le Corbusier, the following donations remain made to Chandigarh:

1952: Nyay Bhavan, Chandigarh

1952: Art Gallery and Museum, Chandigarh

1953: Secretariat, Chandigarh

1953: Raj Bhavan, Chandigarh

1955: Legislative Assembly, Chandigarh

Also Read: Chandrabhaga Temple

Master Plan of Chandigarh 

Chandigarh evolved with a distinct concept resembling the human body, with separate portions having different tasks. The Capital Complex in Sector 1 was designated as the head, while the City Centre in Sector 17 was considered the city's heart. The leisure valley and open spaces served as the lungs, while the cultural and educational institutions represented the intellect. The network of roads forming the seven Vs was the circulatory system, and the Industrial Areas have deemed the viscera.

Also Read: Architecture of Hawa Mahal

Division of Chandigarh City

The city has divided into four primary functions-

1. Living

The residential sectors constituted the living part.

2. Working 

 The Capital Complex, City Centre, Educational Zone, and Industrial Area were considered the working part. 

3. Care of the body and spirit

The Leisure Valley, Gardens, Sector Greens, and Open Courtyards were for the care of the body and spirit.

 4. Circulation

The 7Vs featured seven different types of roads in the circulation system, with a V8 track for cycling added later.

Also Read: Bahula Temple 

Park Areas

Chandigarh has an excellent plan for parks with ample areas designated for them. About 2000 of the 20,000 total acres acquired for the first phase are specifically for park development. 

Most Popular Parks/Best Places to Visit

The parks in Chandigarh are significant attractions for everyone who comes there. Some of the most popular parks in the area are:

1. Leisure Valley

Leisure Valley has always been such a wonderful experience! The park is gorgeous with its lush greenery and scenic views. Plenty of activities exist, from cycling to boating, and even a small amusement park for kids. The garden is also well-maintained and clean, which is always a plus.

 2. Rajendra Park in Chandigarh

 Rajendra Park in Chandigarh, India, has been blown away by its beauty. This park is a must-visit for anyone in the area. Located in Sector 1, Rajendra Park has a lot to offer visitors. The lake is stunning and provides a peaceful atmosphere for relaxation. The rose garden is also a must-see, with its colourful blooms and sweet fragrance. Kids love the children's park, which has plenty of activities to entertain them. Rajendra Park is also an ideal place for a picnic or outdoor activities. 

3. Bougainvillea

 The Bougainvillea Garden in Chandigarh will leave you breathless! The garden has arranged in various captivating shapes and forms, and the colourful flowers are in full bloom, making it even more stunning. With over 65 diverse varieties of bougainvillaea, each so vibrant and dazzling, the garden is a sight to behold. Furthermore, the presence of other flowering trees only adds to the overall beauty of the space.

4. Zakir Rose Garden

Zakir Hussain Rose Garden in Chandigarh, India, is an amazing collection of a variety of flowers. This incredible botanical garden spans over 30 acres and boasts an impressive collection of 50,000 rose bushes. Even more amazing is that the park has 1600 different species of roses. 

5. Sukhna Lake

Sukhna Lake has a delightful experience, with the tranquil mood and picturesque surroundings providing much-needed relief from the city's turmoil. A leisurely walk around the lake seemed wonderfully relaxing, and the scenery has spectacular. The river appeared crystal clear and quiet, mirroring the surrounding trees and mountains. 

6. Rock Garden

It's a stunning display of sculptures made entirely from rocks and stones. The attention to detail is incredible, and a great place to take memorable photos. The garden is surrounded by lush greenery and a peaceful atmosphere, making it a perfect addition to your relaxing getaway.

7. Hibiscus Garden

It's truly a beautiful sight to behold. With over 40 varieties of hibiscus shrubs, bamboo plants, and other flowers, this garden is a real treat for the eyes.

 8. Garden of Fragrance

The park has diverse fragrant flowers and plants, such as jasmine, roses, and lilies. The fountains and water features throughout the park only added to the already breathtaking atmosphere. It's no surprise that locals and tourists flock to this beautiful spot. I highly recommend taking a picnic or a romantic stroll through the Garden of Fragrance to appreciate nature's beauty truly.

9. Botanical Garden

This stunning 176-acre garden is home to various plants, including medicinal herbs, cacti, and trees. One of the park's highlights is the Japanese garden, a beautiful and serene spot perfect for a quiet stroll. The sacred grove is another must-see feature of the garden, and the fruit garden is a great place to sample some of the delicious local produce. Whether you're a nature lover or just looking for a relaxing spot to unwind, the Chandigarh Botanical Garden is worth a visit. It's a popular destination for locals and tourists, and it's easy to see why.

 10. Smriti Upavan

Smriti Upavan is a beautiful garden situated in the city of Chandigarh, India. Established in 1988, it serves as a tribute to those who lost their lives during the partition of India. The garden is home to a diverse range of trees and flowers, making it a picturesque location that residents and tourists enjoy. 

If you're a tourist, visit Sukhna Lake, Rock Garden, Government Museum, and Art Gallery, as they are significant attractions in Chandigarh.